{"id":85,"date":"2025-06-24T09:23:06","date_gmt":"2025-06-24T01:23:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/1.14.207.80\/?p=85"},"modified":"2025-06-24T09:23:35","modified_gmt":"2025-06-24T01:23:35","slug":"linux%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%ef%bc%88%e6%ad%a3%e5%88%99%e8%a1%a8%e8%be%be%e5%bc%8f%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zhangjianjia.xyz\/index.php\/2025\/06\/24\/linux%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%ef%bc%88%e6%ad%a3%e5%88%99%e8%a1%a8%e8%be%be%e5%bc%8f%ef%bc%89\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u57fa\u7840\uff08\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e0e\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u4e09\u5251\u5ba2\uff08grep, sed, awk\uff09<\/h1>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6838\u5fc3\u77e5\u8bc6<\/h2>\n

1. \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/th>\n\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26<\/strong><\/th>\n\u7279\u70b9<\/strong><\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\u57fa\u7840\u6b63\u5219 (BRE)<\/td>\n\u9ed8\u8ba4<\/td>\n\u5143\u5b57\u7b26\u9700\u8f6c\u4e49\uff08\u5982\\+<\/code>, \\(<\/code>\uff09<\/td>\ngrep "a\\+" file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6269\u5c55\u6b63\u5219 (ERE)<\/td>\n-E<\/code><\/td>\n\u5143\u5b57\u7b26\u514d\u8f6c\u4e49\uff08\u5982+<\/code>, (<\/code>\uff09<\/td>\ngrep -E "a+" file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Perl\u6b63\u5219 (PCRE)<\/td>\n-P<\/code><\/td>\n\u652f\u6301\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b\uff08\\d<\/code>, \\w<\/code>\uff09<\/td>\ngrep -P "\\d+" file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2. \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5143\u7d20\u8be6\u89e3<\/h3>\n

\u5355\u5b57\u7b26\u5339\u914d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/strong><\/th>\n\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
.<\/code><\/td>\n\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u610f\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/td>\na.c<\/code> \u2192 abc, adc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[abc]<\/code><\/td>\n\u5339\u914d\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e4b\u4e00<\/td>\n[aeiou]<\/code> \u2192 a, e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[^abc]<\/code><\/td>\n\u5339\u914d\u975e\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u7b26<\/td>\n[^0-9]<\/code> \u2192 a, B<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\\d<\/code><\/td>\n\u6570\u5b57\uff08\u4ec5PCRE\uff09<\/td>\n\\d\\d<\/code> \u2192 12, 34<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\\w<\/code><\/td>\n\u5355\u8bcd\u5b57\u7b26\uff08\u4ec5PCRE\uff09<\/td>\n\\w+<\/code> \u2192 hello, world<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u91cf\u8bcd\u5339\u914d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u91cf\u8bcd<\/strong><\/th>\n\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/th>\nBRE<\/strong><\/th>\nERE\/PCRE<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
*<\/code><\/td>\n0\u6b21\u6216\u591a\u6b21<\/td>\na*<\/code><\/td>\n\u540c\u5de6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
+<\/code><\/td>\n1\u6b21\u6216\u591a\u6b21<\/td>\na\\+<\/code><\/td>\na+<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
?<\/code><\/td>\n0\u6b21\u62161\u6b21<\/td>\na\\?<\/code><\/td>\na?<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
{n}<\/code><\/td>\n\u6070\u597dn\u6b21<\/td>\na\\{3\\}<\/code><\/td>\na{3}<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
{n,}<\/code><\/td>\n\u81f3\u5c11n\u6b21<\/td>\na\\{3,\\}<\/code><\/td>\na{3,}<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
{n,m}<\/code><\/td>\nn\u5230m\u6b21<\/td>\na\\{2,4\\}<\/code><\/td>\na{2,4}<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4f4d\u7f6e\u951a\u5b9a<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u951a\u70b9<\/strong><\/th>\n\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
^<\/code><\/td>\n\u884c\u9996<\/td>\n^start<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
$<\/code><\/td>\n\u884c\u5c3e<\/td>\nend$<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\\<<\/code><\/td>\n\u8bcd\u9996<\/td>\n\\<word<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\\><\/code><\/td>\n\u8bcd\u5c3e<\/td>\nword\\><\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\\b<\/code><\/td>\n\u5355\u8bcd\u8fb9\u754c\uff08\u4ec5PCRE\uff09<\/td>\n\\bword\\b<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5206\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5f15\u7528<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/strong><\/th>\n\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
( )<\/code><\/td>\n\u5206\u7ec4<\/td>\n(abc)+<\/code> \u2192 abcabc<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\\1, \\2...<\/code><\/td>\n\u5f15\u7528\u5206\u7ec4<\/td>\n(f)or\\1<\/code> \u2192 forf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(?: )<\/code><\/td>\n\u975e\u6355\u83b7\u5206\u7ec4\uff08PCRE\uff09<\/td>\n(?:ab)+<\/code> \u2192 abab<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(?= )<\/code><\/td>\n\u6b63\u5411\u5148\u884c\u65ad\u8a00\uff08PCRE\uff09<\/td>\nWindows(?=10)<\/code> \u2192 Windows10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
(?<= )<\/code><\/td>\n\u6b63\u5411\u540e\u884c\u65ad\u8a00\uff08PCRE\uff09<\/td>\n(?<=MS)Windows<\/code> \u2192 MSWindows<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e8c\u3001grep\u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22\u5927\u5e08<\/h2>\n

\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\u901f\u67e5\u8868<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u9009\u9879<\/strong><\/th>\n\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
-i<\/code><\/td>\n\u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/td>\ngrep -i "error" log.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-v<\/code><\/td>\n\u53cd\u5411\u5339\u914d<\/td>\ngrep -v "debug" app.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-r<\/code><\/td>\n\u9012\u5f52\u641c\u7d22\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\ngrep -r "TODO" src\/<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-l<\/code><\/td>\n\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/td>\ngrep -l "pattern" *.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-c<\/code><\/td>\n\u7edf\u8ba1\u5339\u914d\u884c\u6570<\/td>\ngrep -c "success" report.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-n<\/code><\/td>\n\u663e\u793a\u884c\u53f7<\/td>\ngrep -n "warning" messages.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-o<\/code><\/td>\n\u53ea\u663e\u793a\u5339\u914d\u90e8\u5206<\/td>\ngrep -o "http:\/\/.*" access.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-A N<\/code><\/td>\n\u663e\u793a\u5339\u914d\u540eN\u884c<\/td>\ngrep -A 2 "Exception" error.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-B N<\/code><\/td>\n\u663e\u793a\u5339\u914d\u524dN\u884c<\/td>\ngrep -B 1 "fatal" crash.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-C N<\/code><\/td>\n\u663e\u793a\u5339\u914d\u524d\u540e\u5404N\u884c<\/td>\ngrep -C 3 "critical" system.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-P<\/code><\/td>\n\u4f7f\u7528Perl\u6b63\u5219<\/td>\ngrep -P "\\d{3}-\\d{4}" file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
-E<\/code><\/td>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u6b63\u5219<\/td>\n`grep -E "apple<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \u67e5\u627eIP\u5730\u5740<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n

    grep -P '((25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|[1-9]?[0-9])\\.){3}(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|[1-9]?[0-9])' access.log\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u7edf\u8ba1\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
    grep -c "ERROR" app.log\ngrep -c "WARNING" app.log\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u63d0\u53d6URL\u53c2\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
    grep -oP 'https?:\/\/\\K[^\/?]+' access.log\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e09\u3001sed\u6d41\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/h2>\n
    sed\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n
    sed [\u9009\u9879] '\u8303\u56f4 \u547d\u4ee4' \u6587\u4ef6\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u9009\u9879<\/strong><\/th>\n\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    -n<\/code><\/td>\n\u7981\u6b62\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8f93\u51fa<\/td>\nsed -n 'p' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    -e<\/code><\/td>\n\u591a\u547d\u4ee4\u7f16\u8f91<\/td>\nsed -e 's\/a\/b\/' -e 's\/c\/d\/'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    -i[.SUF]<\/code><\/td>\n\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u53ef\u5907\u4efd\uff09<\/td>\nsed -i.bak 's\/old\/new\/' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    -r<\/code><\/td>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u6b63\u5219<\/td>\nsed -r 's\/(ab)+\/cd\/' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
    \u8303\u56f4\u6307\u5b9a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u8303\u56f4<\/strong><\/th>\n\u542b\u4e49<\/strong><\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    10<\/code><\/td>\n\u7b2c10\u884c<\/td>\nsed '10d' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    10,20<\/code><\/td>\n10\u523020\u884c<\/td>\nsed '10,20s\/a\/b\/'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \/start\/,\/end\/<\/code><\/td>\n\u4ecestart\u5230end\u7684\u884c<\/td>\nsed '\/BEGIN\/,\/END\/p'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    $<\/code><\/td>\n\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c<\/td>\nsed '$s\/$\/END\/'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1~2<\/code><\/td>\n\u5947\u6570\u884c<\/td>\nsed '1~2d' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    2~3<\/code><\/td>\n\u4ece\u7b2c2\u884c\u5f00\u59cb\u6bcf\u96943\u884c<\/td>\nsed '2~3s\/a\/b\/'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
    \u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/th>\n\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    s\/\/\/<\/code><\/td>\n\u66ff\u6362\u6587\u672c<\/td>\nsed 's\/old\/new\/g' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    p<\/code><\/td>\n\u6253\u5370\u884c<\/td>\nsed -n '\/pattern\/p' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    d<\/code><\/td>\n\u5220\u9664\u884c<\/td>\nsed '\/debug\/d' app.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    a\\text<\/code><\/td>\n\u884c\u540e\u8ffd\u52a0<\/td>\nsed '3a\\New Line' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    i\\text<\/code><\/td>\n\u884c\u524d\u63d2\u5165<\/td>\nsed '\/header\/i\\Title' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    c\\text<\/code><\/td>\n\u66ff\u6362\u6574\u884c<\/td>\nsed '5c\\Replacement' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    y\/abc\/ABC\/<\/code><\/td>\n\u5b57\u7b26\u8f6c\u6362<\/td>\nsed 'y\/abc\/ABC\/' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    r file<\/code><\/td>\n\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u63d2\u5165<\/td>\nsed '\/pattern\/r data.txt'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    w file<\/code><\/td>\n\u5199\u5165\u5339\u914d\u884c\u5230\u6587\u4ef6<\/td>\nsed '\/pattern\/w output.txt'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
    \u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u6279\u91cf\u66ff\u6362<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
      sed -i.bak 's\/http:\\\/\\\/old-site\/https:\\\/\\\/new-site\/g' *.html\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u5220\u9664\u6ce8\u91ca\u548c\u7a7a\u884c<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
      sed -e '\/^#\/d' -e '\/^$\/d' config.ini\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n
      \u6dfb\u52a0\u591a\u884c\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
      sed '\/Database Settings\/a\\\nDB_HOST=localhost\\\nDB_PORT=3306\\\nDB_USER=admin' config.cfg\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u56db\u3001awk\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u8bed\u8a00<\/h2>\n
      awk\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n
      awk 'BEGIN {\u521d\u59cb\u5316} \u6a21\u5f0f {\u52a8\u4f5c} END {\u6536\u5c3e}' \u6587\u4ef6\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/th>\n\u542b\u4e49<\/strong><\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      $0<\/code><\/td>\n\u6574\u884c\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>\nawk '{print $0}' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      $1-$N<\/code><\/td>\n\u7b2cN\u5217\u5b57\u6bb5<\/td>\nawk '{print $2}' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      NF<\/code><\/td>\n\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u5b57\u6bb5\u6570<\/td>\nawk 'NF>5{print}' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      NR<\/code><\/td>\n\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u53f7<\/td>\nawk 'NR==2{print}' file<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      FS<\/code><\/td>\n\u8f93\u5165\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/td>\nawk -F: '{print $1}'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      OFS<\/code><\/td>\n\u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/td>\n`awk ‘BEGIN{OFS="<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      RS<\/code><\/td>\n\u8f93\u5165\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/td>\nawk 'BEGIN{RS=";"}{print}'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      ORS<\/code><\/td>\n\u8f93\u51fa\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/td>\nawk 'BEGIN{ORS="\\n\\n"}{print}'<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \u5b9e\u6218\u6848\u4f8b<\/h3>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u5217<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
        awk -F: '{print $1, $3}' \/etc\/passwd\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
        \u7edf\u8ba1\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
        awk '{chars += length($0); words += NF} END{print "Lines:", NR, "Words:", words, "Chars:", chars}' file.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
      3. \n
        HTTP\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u7edf\u8ba1<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
        awk '{status[$9]++} END{for(s in status) print s, status[s]}' access.log | sort -nr\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
      4. \n
        \u8ba1\u7b971-100\u5947\u6570\u548c<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
        seq 100 | awk '{if($1%2) sum+=$1} END{print sum}'\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u4e94\u3001\u901a\u914d\u7b26 vs \u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u7279\u6027<\/strong><\/th>\n\u901a\u914d\u7b26<\/strong><\/th>\n\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/strong><\/th>\n\u793a\u4f8b\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        \u7528\u9014<\/strong><\/td>\n\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5339\u914d<\/td>\n\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u5339\u914d<\/td>\nls *.txt<\/code> vs grep ".*txt"<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/td>\nls<\/code>, cp<\/code>, find<\/code><\/td>\ngrep<\/code>, sed<\/code>, awk<\/code><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        *<\/code><\/td>\n\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26\u5e8f\u5217<\/td>\n\u524d\u5143\u7d200\u6b21\u6216\u591a\u6b21<\/td>\n*.log<\/code> vs .*\\.log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        ?<\/code><\/td>\n\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/td>\n\u524d\u5143\u7d200\u6b21\u62161\u6b21<\/td>\nfile?.txt<\/code> vs file.\\.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        []<\/code><\/td>\n\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u5408<\/td>\n\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\u5408<\/td>\n[abc]*<\/code> vs [abc].*<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        .<\/code><\/td>\n\u5b57\u9762\u70b9\u5b57\u7b26<\/td>\n\u4efb\u610f\u5b57\u7b26<\/td>\nfile.txt<\/code> vs file\\.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        ^<\/code><\/td>\n\u65e0\u7279\u6b8a\u542b\u4e49<\/td>\n\u884c\u9996<\/td>\n– vs ^start<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        $<\/code><\/td>\n\u65e0\u7279\u6b8a\u542b\u4e49<\/td>\n\u884c\u5c3e<\/td>\n– vs end$<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        {}<\/code><\/td>\n\u6269\u5c55\u5e8f\u5217<\/td>\n\u9700\u8f6c\u4e49<\/td>\n{1..10}<\/code> vs \\{1,10\\}<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        \u516d\u3001\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6280\u5de7\u5408\u96c6<\/h2>\n
        1. \u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u4e09\u5251\u5ba2<\/h3>\n
        # \u67e5\u627e\u8bbf\u95ee\u91cf\u6700\u9ad8\u76845\u4e2aIP\ngrep -oP '\\d+\\.\\d+\\.\\d+\\.\\d+' access.log | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -5\n\n# \u6279\u91cf\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\nls *.jpg | awk '{print "mv", $0, "image_" NR ".jpg"}' | bash\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        2. \u5b9e\u7528\u5355\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n
        # \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u884c\nsed '\/^$\/d' file.txt\n\n# \u5728\u6bcf\u884c\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0\u884c\u53f7\nawk '{print NR, $0}' file.txt\n\n# \u63d0\u53d6XML\u6807\u7b7e\u5185\u5bb9\ngrep -oP '<title>\\K[^<]+' page.html\n\n# \u8f6c\u6362CSV\u4e3aTSV\nsed 's\/,\/\\t\/g' data.csv\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        3. \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7<\/h3>\n
        # \u5904\u7406\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528LC_ALL=C\u52a0\u901f\nLC_ALL=C grep "pattern" huge.log\n\n# \u4f7f\u7528mawk\u4ee3\u66ffgawk\u52a0\u901f\u5904\u7406\nsudo apt install mawk\nmawk '{print $1}' bigfile.txt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        4. \u5b89\u5168\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n
        # \u4f7f\u7528\u5907\u4efd\u8fdb\u884c\u539f\u5730\u7f16\u8f91\nsed -i.bak 's\/password\/******\/' config.txt\n\n# \u6d4b\u8bd5\u540e\u518d\u6267\u884c\nsed 's\/danger\/safe\/g' file | less  # \u786e\u8ba4\u65e0\u8bef\u540e\u518d\u52a0-i\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
          \n
        1. \n
          \u6b63\u5219\u9009\u62e9<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
            \n
          • \u7b80\u5355\u5339\u914d \u2192 \u57fa\u7840\u6b63\u5219<\/li>\n
          • \u590d\u6742\u903b\u8f91 \u2192 Perl\u6b63\u5219<\/li>\n
          • \u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u597d \u2192 \u6269\u5c55\u6b63\u5219<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
          • \n
            \u5de5\u5177\u9009\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
              \n
            • \u6587\u672c\u641c\u7d22 \u2192 grep<\/code><\/li>\n
            • \u6d41\u7f16\u8f91 \u2192 sed<\/code><\/li>\n
            • \u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406 \u2192 awk<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
            • \n
              \u9ad8\u6548\u7ec4\u5408<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
              # \u5206\u6790Nginx\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\nawk '{print $1}' access.log | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -10\n\n# \u6279\u91cf\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\nls | awk '{print "mv", $0, tolower($0)}' | bash\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
            • \n
              \u907f\u514d\u9677\u9631<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n
                \n
              • \u901a\u914d\u7b26\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n
              • \u4f7f\u7528-i<\/code>\u524d\u52a1\u5fc5\u5907\u4efd\u6216\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/li>\n
              • \u5904\u7406\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u6ce8\u610f\u8f6c\u4e49<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-85","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zhangjianjia.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zhangjianjia.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zhangjianjia.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zhangjianjia.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zhangjianjia.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=85"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zhangjianjia.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":86,"href":"https:\/\/www.zhangjianjia.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/85\/revisions\/86"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zhangjianjia.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=85"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zhangjianjia.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=85"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zhangjianjia.xyz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=85"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}